Beacons, QR codes and RFID for Apparel Brands

Mr Beacon has a new video interview with Barry McGeough, who has worked with Dr. Martins, North Face and Speedo. He’s the founder and former head of innovation at PVH who work with brands such as Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger and IZOD.

The interview covers the use of RFID, barcodes and beacons by brands. Brands are increasingly needing to directly connect with consumers to assure them that they are understood. Nevertheless, retailers still control the buying process and are usually the ones to mandate use of asset tracking technologies, usually, for stock control.

The video explains how any retailer or brand using asset tracking technologies needs to make it easy and seamless. Financially, the per-unit cost of the tracking technology is especially important for lower cost commodity items such as underwear.

QR codes are ubiquitous in China and it’s expected some of the techniques will make their way to Western markets. RFID has been successful in retail where it has allowed, for example, stock tracking without having to open boxes.

Latest innovations include ‘smart mirrors’ in changing rooms that can be interacted with to request an item in a different size or find matching items. There are also usecases around checkout, security, anti-counterfeit solutions and end-of-life when it’s required to know the material makeup of an item. Tagging and apps extends the buying process to outside the store to places such as the consumers closet/wardrobe.

The conclusion is not to use technology for technology’s sake and instead invent scenarios that are easy, fun and make use of social interaction.

Read about Beacons for Marketing

Crowd Security with iBeacons

The UK Defence and Security Accelerator (DASA) held a competition to find ideas to reduce the threat of terrorists in public spaces. KSharp created CriB, Crowd Resilience through iBeacons, a system using iBeacons to allow people to report terrorist threats and receive security alerts through an app. This allows venues such as city centres, shopping centres and sports stadiums to improve safety and security. A video has recently become available:

Latest Nordic Wireless Q Magazine Available

Nordic, the manufacturer of the System on a Chip (SoC) in many beacons, has a latest issue of Wireless Q Magazine. It showcases the many uses of Nordic SoCs.

Read about:

  • The Ruuvi IoT asset tracker
  • Smart rope load sensors
  • Use of SoCs in an insulin monitor device
  • A wearable respiration monitor
  • Bluetooth 5.1 direction finding
  • Tracking shipping containers
  • IoT for farmers
  • Use of SoC for athlete performance wearable
  • Building next generation Bluetooth beacons

Bluetooth Mesh Energy Consumption

There’s a new paper by Seyed Mahdi Darroudi, Raül Caldera-Sànchez and Carles Gomez of Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya/Fundació, Spain on Bluetooth Mesh Energy Consumption: A Model.

They set up some experiments to measure current consumption under various parameters:

They found that a sensor device running on a simple 235 mAh battery, sending a data message every 10 secs, can achieve a lifetime of up to 15.6 months.

This battery is probably a CR2032 battery. Read our post on Beacon Battery Size, Type, Capacity and Life for typical beacons battery sizes and capacities.

Read about Beacons and the Bluetooth Mesh

BeaconRTLS™ Quick Demo

We have a new short video (4 mins 43 secs) showing the BeaconRTLS™ user interface and demonstrating the REST interface that can be used by external systems (best viewed fullscreen):

Aside from the unique aspect of mixing asset tracking and IoT sensing, you can see that BeaconRTLS™ has an unusually good UI compared to most enterprise software. Software used for business tends to be clunky with screen updates requiring full page refreshes. BeaconRTLS™ uses Material Design and uses latest asynchronous techniques such that everything is rendered in the web browser as opposed to at the server which makes screen updates smooth and flicker free. More importantly, relieving the server of rendering, continuously changing, ‘live view’ web pages frees up computing resources that are better used for processing incoming beacon advertising.

Read about BeaconRTLS™

iBeacons For Disaster Assistance

The Singapore Space and Technology Association has partnered with Airbus to launch a HADR (Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief) challenge. The objectives are to use latest technologies to aid rescue efforts.

Lee Wei Wen and Lee Wei Juin propose the use of iBeacon to display the GNSS locations of the rescuers with live updates of the rescue plan across different agencies:

Beacons for Smart Malls

As we previously posted, there’s currently a resurgence of the use of beacons in retail. A recent article from Fujitsu says Smart shopping malls thrill visitors, drive profit.

Beacons have been used for years now to trigger offers and information in-store. The beacon marketing ecosystem changed abruptly last November when Google abandoned Nearby smartphone notifications such that all notifications now need an app.

Fujitsu is promoting the merits of having a mall-wide rather than store specific apps. A so called ‘Smart Mall’ can still drive in-store sales through smartphone notifications while at the same time provide increased added value such as mall plans, wayfinding, product comparison and price comparison.

In some ways, getting visitors to download a mall app might be less of a hard sell than downloading an app for each store. This particularly benefits the smaller stores whose apps would never get downloaded.

The data flow can be two way. Shopper movements can be tracked across stores revealing common patterns to aid improvements to flow and identification of dead areas. Sensors can be used to locate and determine the state of equipment, for example letting maintenance staff know when supplies need replenishing. There are also usecases in security preparedness for shoppers, stores and mall security staff.

Explore the Benefits of Beacons

Read What are Beacons

IoT Protocols

Haltian has a useful IoT protocols comparison. It provides a comparison of TE Cat 1, LTE Cat M1, EC-GSM-IoT, NB-Io, Zigbee, SigFox, LoRa, Google Thread, Bluetooth LE and Wirepas Mesh.

Haltian say “It’s is a question of selecting the best-suited option for each use-case at hand”. One thing they don’t say is that the protocols are not mutually exclusive. For example, it’s increasingly the case that more than one protocol is used, one for short on-site distances and another for intra-site communication. WiFi/Ethernet also aren’t mentioned which are often a component of IoT solutions.

New iGS01S Bluetooth WiFi Gateway in Stock

We have the new INGICS iGS01S Bluetooth WiFi gateway in stock.

iGS01S with USB power cable

The iGS01S is a new version of the iGS01. It’s functionally compatible with the iGS01 in that you can replace an iGS01 with an iGS01S and it will behave similarly. Hence, it’s also compatible with BeaconServer™ and BeaconRTLS™.

iGS01 gateways allow you to scan for nearby Bluetooth devices and send the scanned data up to a server, including AWS IoT, via TCP, HTTP(S) POST or MQTT.

The main change is the case which the manufacturer has changed to allow commonality of parts with the Ethernet version, the iGS01E.

We also have the matching wall holder in stock.

Read about Beacon Proximity and Sensing for the Internet of Things (IoT)

Bluetooth Mesh Standard Evaluation

There’s recent new research on The Bluetooth Mesh Standard: An Overview and Experimental Evaluation (pdf) by Mathias Baert, Jen Rossey, Adnan Shahid ID and Jeroen Hoebeke of Ghent University.

The paper explains how the Bluetooth Mesh Standard came about to address the problem of the variety of BLE meshing solutions that were not interoperable. It includes a great introduction to Bluetooth LE and Mesh with some statistical and experimental insights into mesh performance.

The authors explain how the choice of the use of advertising advertising at 100% duty cycle for lower end-to-end delay has degraded the low energy advantage of BLE advertising thus limiting the usefulness in power (battery) sensitive applications.

The paper contains some useful insights:

  • The back off mechanism, used to decrease the chance of mesh network collisions, contributes most to the communication delay. However, as they identify, it’s this mechanism that provides reliability and scalability in larger networks. Disabling the backoff mechanism decreases the delay but makes the network less scaleable and robust.
  • Making the network more dense, has a positive effect on the round trip time (RTT). However too a dense network leads to more collisions.
  • Increasing the number of hops needed, making the network more sparse, has a negative effect on the RTT.

“It is clear that there are a lot of factors influencing the communication flows within a Bluetooth Mesh network, requiring more advanced management mechanism for optimizing the performance of the mesh network.”

However, the research had some limitations. Noise was simulated by introducing non-mesh beacons advertising every 20ms. This wasn’t very realistic given that most beacons advertise in the range 100ms to 1000ms. Re-transmit time was considered that complicated calculations – especially as re-transmit is application specific. It wasn’t mentioned that in many mesh sensing applications, unacknowledged messages are acceptable such that there’s no re-transmit. Also, the affect of other mesh network traffic, on the round trip time, wasn’t considered – only one mesh transmission at a time was considered.

Read about Beacons and the Bluetooth Mesh